My answer to your poll is in-between the options given. You have a really good profile already, so your odds at getting a chance without an MFE are not bad. However, your profile also matches many of the admits to the top programs who THEN proceed to get the top jobs. So getting an MFE absolutely improves your chances.
It would be best for improving your top end payoffs, and definitely speed up the process to big firms and positions. You seem like the 'ideal' candidate, if your financial situation is solid I would shoot off your application to the top schools and use that to launch into the industry rather than working your way in from the bottom (which you probably have the skills to do). It will just be easier that way. Go straight for Princeton, Berkeley, and the biggest brand name schools. Baruch is always a great program, but given your background brand name is probably what you want most to launch in. Baruch's biggest draws for me are its focus on
C++ and reputation for putting out really solid students who are well prepared. It appears to be the best for recent grads looking for a great foundation, though its harder to tell given they are almost exclusively from overseas. If you go down the line at the other very top programs they often have more work experience.
It is a great program, but your
C++ skills are already top of the line and you seem well prepared, so I'd go for Princeton solely for exposure and recognition and then draw on your past experience for coding skills.
If Dan or Andy see this I wonder if my picture of more recent grads at Baruch holds up. It's hard to tell from websites. It's also easier to track people at Princeton when they post all their current students with LinkedIn links every year.